Homeopathic Medicines for Pregnancy and Childbirth

From the Book

You are holding a classic in your hands. No one before has written such an accessible guide to homeopathy and childbearing. No one could bring more attention to detail and intellectual precision to the subject than Dick Moskowitz. This book will revolutionize the health care of women in this country.

Peggy O'Mara
Editor, Mothering Magazine

Homeopathy offers a useful alternative set of medications for the cycle. The book offers an introduction to the philosophy and practice of homeopathy, as well as case presentations of successful homeopathic treatments for mother and child, including labor pain, teething, depression, irritability, and marital discord. I am sure it will be of enormous use to parents and physicians.

Barbara Katz Rothman
Baruch College, City University of New York
Editor, The Childbirth Encyclopedia

At last! A basic, detailed manual on homeopathy for maternity care. Dr. Moskowitz blends the wisdom of the classical homeopaths with illustrative cases from his own experience. The result is a modern and delightfully informative guide to homeopathic medicine during pregnancy, childbirth, and the newborn period.

Linda Cooper M.D.
Neonatologist, St. Joseph's Hospital
Albuquerque, New Mexico

This fine book will reach beyond the confines of the homeopathic community. It speaks to doctors, nurses, parents, midwives, and women nationwide. Its scholarly and elegant presentation will assist homeopaths in their care of mothers and infants.

Catherine Coulter
author, Portraits of Homeopathic Medicines

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Details

Homeopathic Medicines for Pregnancy and Childbirth, by Richard Moskowitz, was published in 1992.

This work is the most accessible guide to homeopathy and childbearing that exists. Moskowitz describes the book as "...a kit of basic remedies and enough of a methodology to help people get started using them...the book is a 'primer'... intended to be used by the beginner in homeopathy, both lay and professional, as a basis for further study."

There are three sections to the book: an introduction to the principles of homeopathy, a condensed materia medica of 25 remedies, and a discussion of common problems illustrated by clinical cases from the author's experience.

For the first trimester of pregnancy Moskowitz views homeopathic treatment as especially beneficial in cases of threatened miscarriage. During the second trimester he looks at the problems that come with anatomical changes, and their related remedies.

For the last stage of pregnancy Moskowitz states "...Many typical complaints of the last three months can be relieved more safely and effectively by homeopathic remedies than by any conventional means."

The last chapter discusses the newborn period, the first month of life after birth. Care of various newborn problems is discussed along with the homeopathic remedies that are known to be effective. There is also a very useful section on lactation and nursing.

It is obvious from the detailed care described in these pages that Dr. Moskowitz has a profound respect for the mental, emotional, and physical components of pregnancy and childbirth.

Grounded by an expert's knowledge of the cautions and concerns involved, Moskowitz emphasizes his support for the most natural and healthy experience for mother and child.

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Heritage

The author describes the book as "...a kit of basic remedies and enough of a methodology to help people get started using them...the book is a 'primer'... intended to be used by the beginner in homeopathy, both lay and professional, as a basis for further study."

The work is presented in three sections: a basic introduction to the principles of homeopathy, a condensed materia medica of 25 remedies, and a discussion of common problems illustrated by cases from the author's extensive experience.

JW writes:
The author has told me that he wrote the book after struggling with Yingling's ACCOUCHEUR'S EMERGENCY MANUAL, and realizing that there might be a better way to present the information to a contemporary audience.

From:
The Heritage of Homoeopathic Literature
copyright 2001 by Julian Winston
Reprinted with the permission of the author

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Author

Richard Moskowitz

(1938 -     )

Richard Moskowitz was born in 1938, and educated at Harvard (B.A.) and New York University (M.D.). After medical school he did 3 years of graduate study in Philosophy at the University of Colorado in Boulder on a U. S. Steel Fellowship.

He took his internship at St. Anthony's Hospital, Denver, and has been practicing family medicine since 1967, as well as attending about 800 home births. With a background in Oriental medicine and other forms of natural healing, Dr. Moskowitz studied homeopathy with George Vithoulkas in Greece and Rajan Sankaran and others in India.

He has practiced the classical method more or less exclusively since 1974, and has taught and lectured widely on homeopathy and related subjects. Dr. Moskowitz has published numerous articles, including:

• Some Thoughts on the Malpractice Crisis
• Plain Doctoring
• Homeopathic Reasoning
• The Case Against Immunizations
• Vaccination: a Sacrament of Modern Medicine
• Childhood Ear Infections
• Why I Became a Homeopath

Dr. Moskowitz has also published two books:

• Homeopathic Medicines for Pregnancy and Childbirth
  North Atlantic Books, Berkeley, 1992
   
• Resonance: the Homeopathic Point of View
  Xlibris, Philadelphia, 2001

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Reviews

Three Reviews:
1. NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL
2. LINKS
3. HOMEOPATHY TODAY


NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL
Reviewed by Sherry Lauer, Nurse Midwife / Homeopath

This wonderful book by Dr. Richard Moskowitz is just what our nation needs in this time of growing concern for quality health care. It brings together two major revival movements which have long been overdue in our country: the homebirth movement and the classical homeopathy movement.

Despite opposition by the medical community, both are on the rise due to their commitment to all phases of women's health care through pregnancy and childbirth. In his book, Dr. Moskowitz primarily emphasizes homeopathic self-care of common functional problems that tend to spontaneously correct themselves.

He is convinced that self-healing is not only at the heart of health care, but he is also convinced that it should play a vital role in client-professional relationships.

While he realizes that his book will presently have its greatest appeal to an audience of primarily lay practitioners, he hopes that it will eventually be used in hospitals, birth centers and academic training programs for childbirth professionals and midwives.

I found the illustrations from Dr. Moskowitz's personal experiences depicting remedy pictures to be very helpful. They often reminded me of situations in my own practice where given the preciseness of his materia medica and more homeopathic experience, I might have been able to help my patients more rapidly and efficiently.

When a true understanding of homeopathy is finally revealed, health care professionals will realize the wisdom in Hahnemann's statement from the second paragraph of the Organon of Medicine: "The highest ideal of cure is rapid, gentle and permanent restoration of the health ... in the shortest, most reliable and harmless way..." In other words, we can effectively help our generation and the next by helping to cure our mothers, thus curing our babies. In this way, Hering's Law becomes manifest in a very profound way.

The pregnant woman has a baby growing inside of her. This baby is located internally, near vital organs. As a result, it is felt very deeply. Hering's Law states that symptoms are cured from within outward, from above downward, from move vital to less vital organs, and in the reverse order of their appearance. Therefore, when we are treating a pregnant patient, we are really treating two people.

Dr. Moskowitz employs an interesting format in his book. He has divided it into three parts. In Part One, he very eloquently and concisely covers the principles of homeopathy. He describes the technique of casetaking and relates the process of making remedies.

Dr. Moskowitz emphasizes the effectiveness when taking a case in inviting the patient to tell the story of her illness in its entirety, without interruption, until she has nothing further to say. Professionals are encouraged to write down the patient's exact words and to elicit further symptoms by asking "What else?"

Only after the patient has finished her story may direct questions be asked. Dr. Moskowitz suggests that they be phrased so as to elicit further details rather than a "yes" or "no" answer. Dr, Moskowitz's philosophy is expressed eloquently at the end of Part One:

"By cultivating the direct personal awareness of the patient, homeopathy empowers and trains the basic instincts of self-care in ways that more drastic methods seldom permit. The action of dilute remedies further reminds the patient that healing is always possible and ultimately determined by unique variables embedded deeply in the individual, whatever the name or stage of illness."

He warns us that people may get "stuck" at any point and he reminds us that even the most skilled homeopath may find that, "...healing may not be possible until we learn to accept what cannot be changed and remain ... open to our experience without the judgement of fault or virtue added to it."

As health care providers, and as homeopaths, this idea must be internalized in order for us to give optimum care to our own patients.

Part Two is divided into five chapters with a focus on Materia Medica. The chapter entitled 'Two Childbirth Remedies' provides a detailed comparison of Caulophyllum and Cimicifuga using cases to portray the remedies.

In 'Two Female Remedies', Dr. Moskowitz discuses Pulsatilla and Sepia, both widely used for complaints during pregnancy and childbirth. His detailed explanation and recorded cases bring these two common female prescriptions into better light.

In 'Six Acute Remedies,' many acute situations requiring Arnica, Aconite, Belladonna, Chamomilla, Gelsemium and Calendula are described, especially those following childbirth and caring for the infant.

'Eight Common Remedies' are illustrated, also in Part Two. The first six are considered in pairs while the last two are considered individually.

The paired remedies included are Ignatia and Nux vomica, two nervous remedies; Bryonia and Rhus toxicodendron, two connective tissue remedies; and Magnesia phosphorica and Colocynthis, two antispasmodic remedies. Dr. Moskowitz carefully exposes each remedy picture in comparison with the other, using excellent case studies to reveal the lead up to the prescription.

He also describes Staphysagria and Carbo vegetabilis patients with their particular affinities.

The last chapter consists of dramatic instances where Sulphur, Calcarea carbonica, Lycopodium, Lachesis, Arsenicum album, Phosphorus and Natrum muriaticum are called for. This chapter is aptly titled 'Seven Universal Remedies' and the stories are a testament to Dr. Moskowitz's vast experience.

The final section of the book, "Therapeutics," is devoted to the common problems of pregnancy, childbirth and the newborn period, each with its corresponding remedies. Each trimester is covered thoroughly with cases illustrating the appropriate remedy. As a midwife, I found this section to be the most important.

Concerning the first trimester, Dr. Moskowitz sees homeopathic treatment as being especially beneficial in cases of threatened miscarriage. The remedies to consider are those used for abnormal labor and postpartum bleeding.

I was excited to find that Dr. Moskowitz confirmed my own experience with regard to nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. (I have often found myself needing to repeat the same remedy frequently, and needing to change remedies more than usual).

When discussing the second trimester Dr. Moskowitz reviews the problems which come with anatomical changes, and their related remedies. An interesting point is that both Sulphur and Kali carbonicum may almost be thought of as constitutional remedies for late pregnancy itself, naturally taking the overall symptom picture into consideration.

The last trimester, with all of its dramatic changes, has its own set of symptoms. As Dr. Moskowitz states "...Many typical complaints of the last three months can be relieved more safely and effectively by homeopathic remedies than by any conventional means."

Rheumatic complaints, hemorrhoid and varicose vein symptoms are discussed. Pulsatilla is typically used for abnormal presentation, and Dr. Moskowitz confirms its effectiveness forty percent of the time in healthy women lacking strong indications for other remedies.

In 'Labor and Childbirth,' my favorite chapter, Dr. Moskowitz carefully separates each stage of labor, understanding that each woman has her own timetable. He covers premature and false labor as well as late and postmaturity labor, each with its own set of remedies. It was very helpful to read someone else's accounts of dysfunctional labors. (While midwives and homeopaths often present their successful cases, they do not always share their long, tedious and painful cases.

In addition, I personally have found that for these labors no matter what you do, no matter what you give, birth, for whatever reason, just does not happen naturally). In discussing the first and second stages of labor, Dr. Moskowitz notes that many functional difficulties are brought out with typical Caulophyllum and Cimicifuga symptoms, as well as Arnica, Chamomilla and Pulsatilla. (I particularly liked the Pulsatilla case in which he arrived too late to unexpected twins. To get the full story, you'll have to read the book).

In this section, Dr. Moskowitz very concisely explains self-care techniques which a patient may apply in cases of emergency when no physician or midwife is on hand.

I like the way Dr. Moskowitz explains second stage complications in the 'Labor and Childbirth' chapter, namely, "failure to progress." The comparison of the hospital procedure to the natural home setting really demonstrates the need for individualized attention directed toward the mother and baby at each stage.

This chapter naturally progresses into care for the newborn. Dr. Moskowitz uses the "APGAR method" to assess the condition of the baby and compares scores to show when resuscitation is necessary. Remedies such as Arnica, Carbo vegetabilis and Arsenicum album have wonderful illustrations to show their valuable contribution to the birth setting.

The third or placental stage is accompanied by the possibility of a retained placenta and excessive bleeding (this is every birth attendant's greatest fear). The use of homeopathic remedies, however, can most often quickly resolve this problem. The most commonly used remedies throughout seem to be Caulophyllum, Cimicifuga, Pulsatilla and Sepia.

The final chapter discusses the newborn period, the first month of life after birth. Remedies for the after-pains are covered, always taking into account the total symptom picture. The many situations which may occur after birth are well-covered in this section.

Dr. Moskowitz explains that the same emotional issues present in pregnancy often resurface during the post partum period, therefore requiring the same or similar remedies. Care of the varied newborn problems such as jaundice and colic are discussed and remedies which are known to be effective are given.

Finally, lactation and nursing are discussed. Pulsatilla and Lac caninum are cited as the most commonly used remedies for milk regulation. Sore nipples and breast infections are quite common during the post partum period. Belladonna and Bryonia are listed by Dr. Moskowitz as the two major remedies for acute mastitis. Phytolacca may also be used.

After reading and evaluating this wonderful book, I can honestly say that I have a better understanding of many of the "female" remedies used in relation to pregnancy and childbirth.

I would like to thank Dr. Moskowitz for this creatively composed masterpiece which has been desperately needed in the field of natural childbirth.

I have many texts, technical midwifery and birth experience books to study from, but after using this book last month, I will always carry it right next to Jana Shiloh's Homeopathy in Birthing in my birth bag. Of the five home births I attended this month, I found myself referring to Dr. Moskowitz's Homeopathic Medicines for Pregnancy and Childbirth during two of them.

In conclusion, I would like to share a statement made by Dr. Moskowitz which I found to be quite profound:

"The intensive work of childbirth is ordinarily completed within a few hours and easily forgotten after months of gestation and years of parenting to follow. Yet it remains the ultimate emotional and physical challenge that most pregnant women anticipate and prepare for, the biological moment of truth wherein all their hopes and fears for themselves and their children are concentrated and put to test."

This passage vividly captures the significance of this unique moment in a woman's life. I am truly amazed at the keen insight possessed by Dr. Moskowitz without having the personal experience of giving birth himself.

Sherry Lauer has been a homebirth midwife attending over 1200 births for over 18 years. She has nursing experience in an OB / Gyn office and in the delivery room of a San Diego hospital and now practices in Ritter, OR. Sherry is currently completing the 1992-93 NESH course in Seattle.

New England Journal of Homeopathy Volume 2 Number 2
Spring 1993
Reprinted with permission from New England Journal of Homeopathy



LINKS
Reviewed by Viktor Jenni, Berne

The book contains a short introduction to homeopathy including history, case-taking, materia medica and several illustrating cases.

The book gives short abstracts of most remedies useful during pregnancy and childbirth. It includes some special ones, that are very rarely used in other life periods. (eg. Symphorcarpus, Laurocersus, Castor Equi). Usually these remedies can be found in corresponding rubrics of the Kent-Repertory.

It is a great pity that the nosodes (Med, Psor, Syph, Tub.) are not mentioned as I found them often indicated during pregnancy and early childhood.

For beginners in homoeopathy this book may be a motivation to study homeopathy. For a professional in homeopathy it does not contain much new information or aspects. It is clear to every homoeopath that we cannot achieve an accuracy in our prescriptions without a thorough training of our perception, repertorisation skills and a broad knowledge of materia medica.

Not many homoeopaths have the opportunity to treat patients during childbirth, it still remains very much in the domaine of the hospital and orthodox medicine. However, every now and then a patient or friend may ask us to be with them during this very special event.

The times this has happened to me I have had to search through old seminar notes to get an over-view of the possible remedies I should have available. Bearing this in mind I found this book useful as a reference guide.

As the author himself says" there exists in English no basic work on homoeopathy in pregnancy and childbirth that would be useful in a home, hospital or birthing room setting". The book is probably aimed at midwives and childbirth professionals and professes not to be a comprehensive textbook.

The chapters cover the main problems one may encounter during pregnancy, labour and in the new-born with the most common remedies to consider.

L. Taylor

Homoeopathic Links - Spring 1993
Reprinted with permission from Homeopathic Links


HOMEOPATHY TODAY
Reviewed by Sidney Skinner, MSN, RN,C

Until now, homeopaths have had to rely on seminars, and trial and error, to prescribe for many problems of pregnancy and childbirth. The written references available just weren't very good. There are only a handful of prescribers in the United States who have used remedies extensively during labor, and Dr. Moskowitz is one.

Most well-known as the gentle iconoclast who wrote a pamphlet opposing vaccinations, and who got into a conflict with a hospital because he refused to carry malpractice insurance, Moskowitz is also an accomplished midwife.

Nine hundred women have sought homeopathic help from him during pregnancy, and more than six hundred times they have trusted him to attend their births. So, few are more qualified to write a book on this subject.

This book attempts to educate three groups simultaneously: professional midwives who are not homeopaths, nonmidwife homeopaths, and the non-practitioner who wants to take care of herself, or a loved one, during pregnancy. That is a tall order, because the language one uses, and the amount of knowledge the writer presupposes of the reader, varies a great deal between these three groups.

The book nevertheless succeeds in offering something for everyone. Although there are times that Moskowitz includes language that may be too technical for the consumer, general clinical advice too basic for the professional midwife, or materia medica that is too familiar to the professional homeopath, everyone will find something riveting and invaluable here.

One thing that really stands out is the author's tremendous skill as a writer. He brings new life to even the most well known remedies in materia medica, often bringing out little features he has noted in his many years in practice.

For example, he has noticed that Cimicifuga is often needed for women with premature labor who have given birth to children with birth defects in the past. Or women who need Pulsatilla may miss periods from fear of being pregnant. He also shines when describing important concepts in homeopathy. Listen to him explain how provings relate to the homeopathic method:

"Hahnemann understood these experiments to mean that the outward manifestation of illness already represents the concerted attempts of the organism to heal itself, and that the similar remedy acts by reinforcing that attempt in some way."(p. 3)

Moskowitz chooses to focus on only the most common remedies encountered during pregnancy and childbirth. Homeopathic study group members will find many remedies presented which they have in their kits, and have used for purposes other than childbearing. Remedies such as Ruta and Rhus tox will be old hat for them, but even Arnica and Hypericum have uses during the childbearing year that they may not be familiar with.

Also presented are remedies that are much more common during pregnancy and labor than any other time, such as Caulophyllum and Cimicifuga. This is invaluable information for professional homeopaths who have not had much experience with perinatal care.

Throughout the book the author presents fascinating cases from his broad experience which illustrate particular remedy states. This is an important part of homeopathic education that is often neglected in our textbooks. Cases give the neophyte homeopath an idea of the living image of the remedy, as well as an honest picture of the time frame and signs of reaction when the correct remedy has been given. The cases are mesmerizing to me, as well, because of the author's storytelling power, reminiscent of the best of the grand old women doctors of England-Shepherd, Tyler, and Blackie.

Moskowitz always writes with humility, aware of the limitations of homeopathy and his own imperfections. He reminds the reader to "beware of wishfully thinking that remedies alone can eliminate suffering, of overlooking the obvious possibility that healing may simply fail to occur." I think this is especially important to say in a childbirth related book, because women can often be emotionally devastated when they have an overly idealized view of labor and delivery, and things just don't go that way.

In the second half of the book, specific conditions related to pregnancy and the neonate are discussed in their homeopathic context. Some of the remedy differentials he presents would work for allopathic clinicians new to homeopathy, but I would recommend that they read an introductory book about homeopathy first, to familiarize themselves with homeopathic casetaking and terminology. For example, the author assumes knowledge of what a "modality" is.

Most allopathic clinicians will be initially uncomfortable with Moskowitz's "laid back" alternative approach to hypertension and toxemia of pregnancy, and the use of remedies in emergency situations such as hemorrhage or asphyxia of the newborn. But the inclusion of case studies in which the life of the mother or infant is saved with the use of an appropriate remedy will intrigue them.

One newborn was described as: "...covered with green meconium... limp, white, pale, and motionless with a heartbeat of 60 per minute, responding feebly to mouth to mouth resuscitation but unable to breathe on her own. I put a tiny bit of Arsenicum album 200 on her tongue, and she awoke with a jolt, crying and flailing, her heartbeat vigorous ... and her skin glowing pink with the flame of existence." (p.125)

I don't understand how any human being can read that, and go on practicing obstetrics or midwifery without a case of remedies at their side.

I would have been interested in additional information on the author's experience with three prominent remedies that were omitted:

• Bellis perennis for bruising of the pelvic bones and viscera,
• Viburnum opulis for threatened spontaneous abortion and afterpains, and
• Millefolium, for painless gushes of bright red blood after instrumented delivery.

I have found these useful in my own very limited experience with labor and delivery, I wonder what his experience is. There are many hemorrhagic remedies that I think of from my studies, that I have not had clinical experience with. Thlaspi bursa pastoris, Crocus sativa, Ustilago, Kali ferrocyanatum, Ferrum proto-oxalate, all have been mentioned by modern teachers for their practical use in specific kinds of uterine hemorrhage. I presume from their absence that he has not found much use for them.

I think a great addition to future editions of the book would be an appendix with a list of remedies people should carry with them in a birthing kit. When you're attending a birth, you rarely have time to run out and get something you don't have with you, especially in an emergency.

Something I'm not comfortable with, although perhaps I should be, is the recommendation for repetition of the dose. Often, he recommends giving a 30C four times a day, in a situation where I would have given a single dose or several doses only.

I find myself worrying that people new to homeopathy will unintentionally conduct provings on themselves because they do not realize the power of a 30C. Here I am in a quandary, because I have much less clinical experience than the author, and he apparently feels no reticence to make such recommendations.

In conclusion, Homeopathic Medicines for Pregnancy and Childbirth is an essential resource for the homeopath, midwife, or self-helper. It is elegantly written, respectful of women and the innate intelligence of the vital force, and backed up by significant documented clinical experience.

Moskowitz's book is a major milestone for American homeopathy, yet one signal among many that we are entering into the true golden age of classical homeopathy in the U.S.

HOMEOPATHY TODAY APRIL 1993
Reprinted with permission from the National Center for Homeopathy

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Contents

Preface -- xvii-xviii
Introduction -- xix-xxi

Ch. 1 - The Law of Similars and Its Implications -- 3-10
The Law of Similars -- 3
Provings -- 4
The Homeopathic Materia Medica -- 4-5
The Totality of Symptoms -- 6
The Single Remedy -- 7
The Minimum Dose -- 7
The Law of Cure -- 8-9

Ch. 2 - Remedies and Patients -- 11-22
Homeopathic Pharmacy -- 11
Case Taking -- 12
Interrogation -- 13-14
Selecting the Remedy -- 15
Regimen and Precautions -- 16
Administration and Dosage -- 17-18
Reactions to the Remedy -- 19
Homeopathy: Pros and Cons -- 20
What Patients Can and Cannot Expect -- 21-22

Part 2 - Materia Medica -- 23-270

Ch. 3 - Two Childbirth Remedies -- 29-40
Caulophyllum -- 29-33
Cimicifuga -- 34-40

Ch. 4 - Two Female Remedies -- 41-58
Pulsatilla -- 41-49
Sepia -- 50-58

Ch. 5 - Six Acute Remedies -- 59-74
Arnica -- 59-60
Aconite -- 61-63
Belladonna -- 64-66
Chamomilla -- 67-69
Gelsemium -- 70-72
Calendula -- 73-74

Ch. 6 - Eight Common Remedies -- 75-104
Two Nervous Remedies -- 75-83
Ignatia -- 75-79
Nux Vomica -- 80-83
Two Connective Tissue Remedies -- 83-90
Bryonia -- 83-86
Rhus Tox -- 87-90
Two Antispasmodic Remedies -- 91-96
Magnesia Phosphorica -- 91-92
Colocynthis -- 94-96
Staphysagria -- 97-100
Carbo Vegetabilis -- 101-104

Ch. 7 - Seven Universal Remedies -- 105-134
Sulphur -- 105-108
Calcarea Carbonica -- 109-111
Lycopodium -- 112-115
Lachesis -- 116-121
Arsenicum Album -- 122-124
Phosphorus -- 125-128
Natrum Muriaticum -- 129-134

Ch. 8 - Early Pregnancy: First Trimester -- 139-166
Miscarriage and Infertility -- 139-143
Abortion -- 144
Nausea and Vomiting -- 144-152
Anemia and Malnutrition -- 153-155
Exercise and Regimen -- 156-157
Cystitis -- 158-159
Emotional Problems -- 159-165

Ch. 9 - Late Pregnancy -- 167-198
Second Trimester -- 167-181
Vaginitis -- 167-169
Genital Herpes -- 170-172
Digestive and Bowel Complaints -- 173-178
Pelvic Pain -- 178-181
Two Important Remedies for Late Pregnancy -- 182-183
Third Trimester -- 185-198
Arthritis, Neuralgia, and Rheumatism -- 186-190
Hemorrhoids -- 190-192
Varicosities -- 192
Abnormal Presentation -- 193-194
Bleeding -- 195
Hypertension and Toxemia of Pregnancy -- 195-198

Ch. 10 - Labor and Childbirth -- 199-234
The Initiation of Labor -- 200
Premature Labor -- 200
"False" Labor -- 201
Late Onset and Postmaturity -- 202-203
Spontaneous Rupture of Membranes -- 204
The Conduct and Management of Labor -- 204
The Stages of Labor -- 204
Monitoring the Labor -- 205
The First Stage -- 206-215
Failure to Dilate: Prolonged, Difficult, or Dysfunctional Labor -- 206-213
Emergencies -- 214-215
Second Stage -- 216-223
Problems of Expulsion -- 216-217
Preparation for Delivery -- 218
Resuscitation and Care of the Newborn -- 218-223
Third or Placental Stage -- 224-234
Retained Placental Stage -- 224-225
Perineal Contusions and Lacerations -- 226
Postpartum Bleeding -- 227-234

Ch. 11 - The Newborn Period -- 235-270
Postpartum Care -- 235-253
After-Pains -- 235-237
Prolapse -- 238-240
Phlebitis -- 241-242
Postpartum Infection -- 243-246
Depression and Emotional Problems -- 247-248
Late Bleeding and Subinvolution -- 249-251
Miscellaneous Complaints -- 252-253
The Newborn -- 254-262
Umbilical Care -- 254
Jaundice -- 254-255
Hemorrhagic Disease of the Newborn -- 256
Conjunctivitis -- 257
Colic and Milk Intolerance -- 257-261
Failure to Thrive-- 262
Lactation and Nursing -- 262-270
Involution -- 262
Cracked and Sore Nipples -- 263-264
Breast Infections -- 265-270

Notes -- 271-276
Appendix: Suggestions for Further Reading -- 277-282
Index -- 283-288

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